M

M

Macbeth; Maelar, Lake; Mælbeathe, Canute's vassal; Magnus Olafsson, King of Norway and Denmark; Malcolm, King of Scotland; Maldon, battle of; Malmesbury; Malmesbury, William of, _see_ William Man, Isle of; Manna, Sweyn's housecarle; Marriage in Canute's day; laws relating to; Matthew Paris, English chronicler, cited; Medway River; Mercia, old English kingdom; Merseburg, Thietmar of, _see_ Thietmar Midlands, the; Mieczislav, Duke of Poland; Mieczislav, King of Poland; Mints; Miracles attributed to St. Olaf; Mistiwi; Monasticism, in Denmark; in Norway; Moneyers in Denmark; Moray Firth; Morcar, magnate in the Danelaw; Munch, P. A., Norse historian, cited; "Murdrum fine".

N

Naples, Northmen in; Navarre; Navy, English; Naze, the; Nesses, the; New Minster, Winchester; Niard; _see_ Njord Nid River; Nidaros, capital of Norway; "Nithing name,"; Njord; _see_ Niard Norfolk; Norman conquest, effect of, on old English literature; hastened by Canute's conquest; Norman officials in the Northern churches; Normandy, foundation of; as a viking rendezvous; Ethelred's relations with; Canute's relations with; ethelings in; famine in; North, the; Northampton; Northman, Mercian noble; Northmen, Norsemen, Norwegians, the, at war with the Danes; in the Scandinavian colonies; in rebellion against Earl Hakon; defeated in Ireland; as earls and officials in England; religion of; oppose King Olaf; accept the rule of Canute; at Canute's court; oppose Elgiva and Sweyn; civilisation of; commerce of; canonise St. Olaf; repudiate Canute's kingship; _see_ Norway Northumbria; Norway, controlled by the Danes; attacked by the Jomvikings; Olaf Trygvesson king of; Eric and Sweyn, earls in; Olaf the Stout king of; missionary operations in; at war with Denmark; dissatisfaction in; bribery in; Canute king of; Hakon viceroy of; Elgiva and Sweyn regents of; rebellious movements in; Canute's legislation for; cities and commerce of; Magnus Olafsson king of; other mention of; _see also_ Northmen Nottingham; Novgorod.

O

Odderness Stone, runic monument; Odense; Oder River; Odo, Count of Chartres; Olaf, King of Sweden; Olaf Haroldsson (the Stout), King of Norway, viking activities of; in English and Norman service; baptism of; returns to Norway and seizes Earl Hakon; wins a victory at the Nesses; King of Norway; missionary activities of; opposition to; character of; purposes of; defies Canute; forms an alliance with the Swedish king; raises the host of Norway and harries the Danish coast; traps Canute at Holy River; retreat to Norway; loses his kingdom to Canute; deserted by his chiefs; tries to resume his rule; flees to Russia; is recalled to Norway; falls at Stiklestead; miracles attributed to; canonisation and worship of; and his scalds; other mention of; Olaf Trygvesson, King of Norway, early life of; viking activities of; becomes a Christian; King of Norway; wooes Sigrid the Haughty; marries Thyra; falls at Swald; missionary work of; founder of Nidaros; Old Minster, Winchester; Olney, compact of; Olvi of Egg, Norwegian magnate; Omens; Ordeal; Orkney Islands; Ornamentation, styles of; Orwell River; Osbern, biographer of St. Alphege, cited; Oslo Firth; Otford, skirmish at; Ottar the Swart, scald, cited; Otto the Great, Emperor; Ottos, dynasty of the; Oxford.

P

Palace, royal; Pallig, ealdorman; Pallium, cost of the; Palna Toki, archer and viking; Papacy, state of; Paris, Matthew, _see_ Matthew Penal laws in England; Penselwood, battle of; Pentland Firth; Peterborough; Peter's pence; "Pictured rocks"; Pilgrims, complaints of the; Piræus; Poetry, old Northern; Poland; Pomerania; Pope; Poppo, Danish clerk; "Praise lays"; Proclamation of 1020, Canute's; Prussia;

Q

_Quadripartitus_; Quedlingburg;

R

Ragnarok myth; Ramsey, abbey of; Ramsund rock, pictures on the; Ranig, Scandinavian Earl in England; Raven banner, the; Reginbert, Bishop of Funen; Religion, old Northern; origin of; divinities of; ethics o; ritual and sacrifices of; festivals of; Repingdon; Reric, Danish city in Wendland; Rhine River; Rhone River; Richard of Cirencester, chronicler, cited; Richard, Duke of Normandy; Ridings in Yorkshire; Riga; Righ, old Northern divinity; Ringmere, battle of; Ring-realm, district in Norway; Rings, Scandinavian; Ringsted, Danish city; Robert, Archbishop of Rouen; Robert, King of France; Robert the Devil, Duke of Normandy; Roeskild, capital of Denmark; Roeskild Firth; Rogaland, district in Norway; Rolf, founder of Normandy; Rome; Rouen; Route of the Danes to the west; Rudolf, Bishop in Norway; Rudolf, King of Burgundy; Rügen, Island of; "Rune-masters"; Runes; Runic art, _see_ Art Runic inscriptions; Russia;

S

Sacrifices, old Northern; Saga materials in old Northern poetry; St. Alphege, _see_ Alphege St. Ansgar, missionary to the North; St. Benet Hulme, monastery of; St. Bertin, monastery of; St. Brice; St. Brice's day, massacre of; St. Clemens, church of; St. Cuthbert; St. Dunstan; St. Edith; St. Edmund; St. Felix; St. Frideswide, church of; St. Henry, _see_ Henry II St. Mary Devon, church of, 175 St. Olaf, _see_ Olaf Haroldsson St. Omer; St. Paul; St. Paul's, church of; St. Peter; St. Stephen, _see_ Stephen St. Thomas; St. Vincent; St. Wistan; Saints; Salop; Sandefjord, town in Norway; Sandwich; Santslaue (Santslave), Canute's sister; _see_ Svantoslava Sarpsborg, city in Norway; Saxo, Danish chronicler, cited; Saxony; Scalds; Scandinavia; Scandinavian colonies; Scania; Schlei, inlet in Sleswick; Scone; Scotland; Secular laws of Canute; Seine River; Semland; "Seven Boroughs," the, _see_ "Five Boroughs" Severn Valley; Shaftesbury; Shakespeare; Sheppey, Danish camp at; Sherburne; Sherstone, battle of; Shetland Islands; Shield, legendary Danish king; Shieldings, legendary Danish dynasty; Ship as numerical term; Ships, Scandinavian _Short Serpent_, the, longship; "Shrine Song," the, old Norse poem; Sibyl, the, of the Eddas; "Sibyl's Prophecy," the, old Northern poem; _see_ Voluspá Sigeferth, magnate in the Danelaw; Sigfrid, Bishop in Norway; Sigfried; Sighvat the Scald cited; Sigrid, wife of Kalf Arnesson; Sigrid the Haughty, Canute's stepmother; Sigrun, saga heroine, 293 Sigurd, Bishop, _see_ Sigfrid Sigurd, Earl Hakon's court bishop; Sigurd, Norwegian earl; Sigurd, saga hero, _see_ Sigfried Sigvaldi, Earl at Jomburg; Simeon of Durham, English chronicler, cited,; Siric, Archbishop of Canterbury; Siward, Abbot of Abingdon; Siward the Strong, Earl of Northumbria; Skartha, Danish housecarle; Skene, W. F., Scotch historian, cited; Skiringshall, city in Norway; Skjalg Erlingsson, Norwegian chief; Skogul Tosti, _see_ Tosti Slavic lands and peoples; Sleswick; Slesswick, massacre at; Snorre, Icelandic historian, cited; Sogn Firth; Soli, Erling's garth; Sönder Vissing, runic monument at; "Song of the High One," the, old Northern poem; Sortilege in the old Northern religion; Sound, the; Southampton; South Jutland; Southwark; Spain; Spey

River; Stadt, Cape; Staffordshire; Staller, Scandinavian official; Stamford; Stangeberg, battle of; Stavanger; Steenstrup, J. C. H. R., Danish historian, cited; Stenkyrka Stone, pictured rock; Stephen, King of Hungary; Stigand, Anglo-Danish priest; Stiklestead, battle of; Stockholm; Stord, battle of; Storm, Gustav, Norwegian historian, cited; Strathclyde; "Stretch Song," the, old Northern poem; Styrbjörn, Earl at Jomburg; Suffolk; Surety, old English; Sussex; Svantoslava; _see_ Santslaue Sveno, Danish chronicler, cited; Swald, battle of; Swart, lord of the fire-world; Sweden; Swelchie, the, of Pentland Firth; Sweyn, son of Canute and Elgiva; Earl in Wendland; regent in Denmark; regent in Norway; flees to Denmark; death of; Sweyn, Danish housecarle; Sweyn Forkbeard, King of Denmark, in rebellion against his father; King of Denmark; plans of; viking activities of; family of; attacks King Olaf and acquires part of Norway; has designs on England; conquers England; death of; character and personality of; Sweyn Hakonsson, Norwegian Earl; Sweyn Ulfsson, King of Denmark, Canute's nephew;

T

Tavistock, abbey of; Tees River; Thames River and valley; Thanet, Isle of; Thegns, king's; Thetford; Thietmar of Merseburg, German chronicler, cited; Thingmen, Danish mercenaries in England; Thor, old Northern divinity; Thor the Dog, Norwegian magnate; Thora, Arne's wife; Thorarin Praise-tongue, scald; Thord, thingman; Thoretus, Earl in England; Thorgils Sprakaleg, Swedish magnate; Thorir, Norwegian chief; Throndelaw, district in Norway; Throndhjem; _see_ Nidaros Thrym, viking; Thurbrand, Uhtred's banesman; Thurgot, Danish warrior; Thurkil, son of Nafena, chief in the Danelaw; Thurkil Mareshead; Thurkil Nefja; _see_ Thurkil, son of Nafena Thurkil the Tall, viking chief, Canute's foster father; leads Jomvikings in England; chief of the viking mercenaries in England; deserts to Canute; fights at Penselwood and Sherstone; fights at Ashington; Canute's chief counsellor and viceroy in England; Earl of East Anglia; marries Ethelred's daughter; exiled from England; reconciled to Canute; viceroy in Denmark; Thurkil, grandson of Thurkil the Tall; Thyra, Queen of Denmark; Thyra, Queen of Norway, Canute's aunt; Tithing; Tjängvide Stone, pictured rock; Tjotta, Isle of; Toki, _see_ Palna Toki Tosti, Swedish viking; Tova, Queen of Denmark; Treene River; Trent River; Trygve, Norwegian pretender; Tunsberg, city in Norway; Tweed River.

U

Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria; Ulf, Canute's brother-in-law, one of Canute's generals; Earl in England; Earl in Jomburg; viceroy in Denmark; treason of; rescues Canute at Holy River; murder of; character of; Ulf, Swedish viking; Ulfkellsland; Ulfketel, Earl of East Anglia; Ulfrun, Elgiva's mother; Unwan, Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen; Uplands, the, district in Norway; Uppland, region in Sweden; Upsala, Swedish sanctuary at;