CHAPTER II. COMMUNITY OF LAND 37

CHAPTER II. COMMUNITY OF LAND 37

The region selected for review with regard to geographical position and population--Forms of ownership in land--Agrarian communism--Community of land with shares fixed in perpetuity--History of the latter form of ownership--Evolution of the same into agrarian communism--Opinions of Russian students on the origin of agrarian communism.

CHAPTER III. THE PRODUCTIVE FORCES OF THE PEASANTRY 47

Normal size of a farm required by the present state of agriculture--Actual size of peasant farms--Legal discrimination--Want of fodder--Depressed condition of stock breeding--Want of fuel--Manure used as fuel--The land not fertilized--Exhaustion of the soil--Improper situation of the lots--Yields of cereals--Balance of peasant agriculture--Review of real peasant budgets--Development of money economy in peasant farming.

CHAPTER IV. TAXATION OF THE PEASANT 59

The taxes in inverse ratio to the income--The redemption tax paid by the former serf--Assessment _per capita_--Arrears in taxes--Bearing upon the peasant’s live stock--The fiscal system lived down by economic development.