INDEX

Abdy, E. S., learned that slaves were taught

Abolitionists, interested in the enlightenment of Negroes

Account of a pious Negro

Actual education after the revolutionary period

Adams, Rev. Henry, teacher at Louisville

Adams, John, report of James Otis's argument on the Writs of

Assistance; views on slavery

Address of the American Convention of Abolition Societies

African Benevolent Society of Rhode Island, school of

African Episcopalians of Philadelphia, school of

African Free School of Baltimore

African Free Schools of New York

African Methodist Episcopal Church, established Union Seminary;

purchased Wilberforce

Agricultural Convention of Georgia recommended that slaves be taught to

read

Alabama, law of 1832; provision for teaching Negroes at Mobile;

Presbyterians of, interested

Albany Normal School, colored student admitted

Alexandria, Virginia Quakers of, instructed Negroes; Benjamin Davis, a

teacher of

Allen, Richard, organized A. M. E. Church; author

Allen, W. H., teacher of Negroes

Ambush, James E., teacher in the District of Columbia

American Colonization Society, The, efforts of, to educate Negroes

American Convention of Abolition Societies, The, interested in the

education of Negroes; recommended industrial education; addresses of

American Union, The, organized; names of its promoters (see note 1 on

page 142)

Amherstburg, Canada, opened a colored school; established a mission

school

Anderson, John G., musician

Andrew, one of the first two colored teachers in Carolina

Andrews, C. C. principal of New York African Free Schools

Andrews, E. A., student of the needs of the Negroes

Anti-slavery agitation, effect of, on education in cities

Appalachian Mountains, settled by people favorable to Negroes

Appo, William, musician

Arnett, B. W., teacher in Pennsylvania

Ashmun Institute, founded; names of the trustees

Athens College, admitted colored students

Attainments of Negroes at the close of the eighteenth century

Auchmutty, Reverend, connected with the school established by Elias

Neau

Augusta, Dr. A. T., learned to read in Virginia

Avery College, established

Avery, Rev. Charles, donor of $300,000 for the education

and Christianization of the African race

Bacon, Rev. Thomas, sermons on the instruction of Negroes

Baldwin County, Alabama, provision for teaching Negroes

Baltimore, several colored churches; colored schools of; an adult

school of 180 pupils; Sunday-schools; day and night school; Bible

Society; African Free School; donation of Wells; donation of

Crane; school tax paid by Negroes, note on page——

Banks, Henry, learned to read in Virginia

Banneker, Benjamin, studied in Maryland; made a clock; took up

astronomy;

encouraged by Ellicott; corresponded with Thomas Jefferson

Baptist preacher, taught Negroes in South Carolina

Baptists, aided the education of Negroes; established school at

Bexley, Liberia; changed attitude toward the uplift of Negroes

Barclay, David, gave money to build school-house

Barclay, Reverend, instructed Negroes in New York

Barr, John W., taught M. W. Taylor in Kentucky

Baxter, Richard, instructed masters to enlighten their slaves

Beard, Simeon, had a school in Charleston

Becraft, Maria, established a school in the District of Columbia

Bell family, progress of

Bell, George, built first colored school-house in District of Columbia

Bell School established

Benezet, Anthony, advocated the education of Negroes; taught Negroes;

believed in western colonization; opinion on Negro intellect;

bequeathed wealth to educate Negroes; school-house built

with the fund;(see note giving sketch of his career)

Berea College, founded

Berkshire Medical School had trouble admitting Negroes; graduated

colored physicians

Berry's portraiture of the Negroes' condition after the reaction

Bibb, Mary E., taught at Windsor, Canada

Billings, Maria, taught in the District of Columbia

Birney, James G., criticized the church; helped Negroes on free soil

Bishop, Josiah, preached to white congregation in Portsmouth, Virginia

Bishop of London, declared that the conversion of slaves did not work

manumission

"Black Friday," Portsmouth, Ohio, Negroes driven out

Blackstone, studied to justify the struggle for the rights of man; his

idea of the body politic forgotten

Bleecker, John, interested in the New York African Free Schools

Boone, R. G., sketch of education in Indiana

Boston, Massachusetts, colored school opened; opened its first primary

school; school in African Church; several colored churches; struggle

for democratic education; (see also Massachusetts)

Boucher, Jonathan, interested in the uplift of Negroes; an advocate of

education; (see note on, 56); extract from address of

Boulder, J. F., student in a mixed school in Delaware

Bowditch, H. J., asked that Negroes be admitted to Boston public schools

Bowdoin College, admitted a Negro

Bradford, James T., studied at Pittsburgh

Branagan advocated colonization of the Negroes in the West

Bray, Dr. Thomas, a promoter of the education of Negroes; "Associates

of Dr. Bray,"; plan of, for the instruction of Negroes

Brearcroft, Dr., alluded to the plan for the enlightenment of Negroes

Breckenridge, John, contributed to the education of the colored people

of Baltimore

Bremer, Fredrika, found colored schools in the South; observed the

teaching of slaves

British American Manual Labor Institute, established at Dawn, Canada

Brown, a graduate of Harvard College, taught colored children in Boston

Brown County, Ohio, colored schools of, established

Brown, Jeremiah H., studied at Pittsburgh

Brown, J. M., attended school in Delaware

Brown, William Wells, author; leader and educator

Browning family, progress of

Bruce, B. K., learned to read,

Bryan, Andrew, preacher in Georgia

Buchanan, George, on mental capacity of Negroes

Buffalo, colored Methodist and Baptist churches of, lost

members

Burke, E. P., found enlightened Negroes in the South

mentioned case of a very intelligent Negro

Burlington, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested in the uplift

of the colored people

Butler, Bishop, urged the instruction of Negroes

Buxton, Canada, separate schools established in

Caesar, a Negro poet of North Carolina

Calvert, Mr., an Englishman who taught Negroes in the

District of Columbia

Camden Insurrection, effect of

Cameron, Paul C., sketch of John Chavis

Canaan, New Hampshire, academy broken up

Canada, education of Negroes in; names of settlements with schools;

difficulties of races; separate schools; mission schools; results

obtained; (see Drew's note on condition of)

Capers, Bishop William, opinion on reconstructing the policy of Negro

education; plan of, to instruct Negroes; work of, among the colored

people; catechism of

Cardozo, F. L., entered school in Charleston

Carey, Lott, educated himself

Cass County, Michigan, school facilities in the colored settlement of

Castleton Medical School, admitted Negroes

Catholics, interested in the education of Negroes

Catto, Rev. William T., author and preacher

Cephas, Uncle, learned from white children

Chandler, solicitor, of Boston, opinion on the segregation of

colored pupils

Channing, William, criticized the church for its lack of interest

in the uplift of the Negroes

Charleston, colored members of church of; Minor Society of;

colored schools of, attended by Bishop Daniel A. Payne;

insurrection of; theological seminary of, admitted a Negro

Charlton, Reverend, friend of Negroes in New York

Chatham, Canada, colored schools of

Chavis, John, educated at Princeton; a teacher of white youths

in North Carolina

Chester, T. Morris, student at Pittsburgh

Chicago, separate schools of; disestablished

Child, M. E., teacher in Canada

Churches, aided education through Sabbath-schools

Christians not to be held as slaves

Cincinnati, colored schools of; Negroes of; sought public support

for their schools; a teacher of, excluded a colored boy from a

public school; law of

City, the influences of, on the education of Negroes; attitude of

anti-slavery societies of, toward the education of the Negroes

Clapp, Margaret, aided Myrtilla Miner in the District of Columbia; (see

note 2)

Clarkson Hall Schools of Philadelphia

Clarkson, Matthew, a supporter of the New York African Free Schools

Cleveland, C. F., Argument of, in favor of Connecticut law against

colored schools

Cleveland, colored schools of

Code Noir, referred to; (see note, 23)

Co-education of the races

Coffin, Levi, taught Negroes in North Carolina; promoted the migration

of Negroes to free soil; traveled in Canada

Coffin, Vestal, assistant of his father in North Carolina

Cogswell, James, aided the New York African Free Schools

Coker, Daniel, a teacher in Baltimore

Colbura, Zerah, a calculator who tested Thomas Fuller

Colchester, Canada, mission school at

Cole, Edward, made settlement of Negroes in Illinois

Colgan, Reverend; connected with Neau's school in New York

College of West Africa established

Colleges, Negroes not admitted; manual labor idea of; change in

attitude of

Colonization scheme, influence of, on education

Colonizationists, interest of, in the education of Negroes

Colored mechanics, prejudice against; slight increase in

Columbia, Pennsylvania, Quakers of, interested in the uplift of Negroes

Columbian Institute established in the District of Columbia

Columbus, Ohio, colored schools of

Condition of Negroes, in the eighteenth century; at the close of the

reaction

Connecticut, defeated the proposed Manual Labor College at New Haven;

spoken of as place for a colored school of the American Colonization

Society; allowed separate schools at Hartford; inadequately supported

colored schools; struggle against separate schools of;

disestablishment of separate schools of

Convention of free people of color, effort to establish a college

Convent of Oblate Sisters of Providence, educated colored girls in

academy of

Cook, John F., teacher in the District of Columbia; forced by the Snow

Riot to go to Pennsylvania

Corbin, J. C. student at Chillicothe, Ohio

Cornish, Alexander, teacher in the District of Columbia

Costin, Louisa Parke, teacher in the District of Columbia

Cox, Ann, teacher in New York African Free Schools

Coxe, Eliza J., teacher in the New York African Free Schools

Coxe, General, of Fluvanna County, Virginia, taught his slaves to read

the Bible

Coxe, R. S., a supporter of Hays's school in the District of Columbia

Crandall, Prudence, admitted colored girls to her academy; opposed by

whites; law against her enacted; arrested, imprisoned, and tried;

abandoned her school

Crane, William, erected a building for the education of Negroes in

Baltimore

Crummell, Alexander, sought admission to the academy at Canaan, New

Hampshire

Cuffee, Paul, author

D'Alone, contributor to a fund for the education of Negroes

Dartmouth, theological school of, admitted Negroes

Davies, Reverend, teacher of Negroes in Virginia

Davis, Benjamin, taught Negroes in Alexandria, Virginia

Davis, Cornelius, teacher of New York African Free Schools

Davis, Rev. Daniel, interest of, in the uplift of the people of color

Dawn, Canada, colored schools of

Dawson, Joseph, aided colored schools

Dean, Rev. Philotas, principal of Avery College

De Baptiste, Richard, student in a school at his father's home in

Fredericksburg

De Grasse, Dr. John V., educated for Liberia

Delany, M. R., attended school at Pittsburgh

Delaware, abolition Society of, provided for the education of the

Negroes; law of 1831; law of 1863

Detroit, African Baptist Church of; separate schools of

Dialogue on the enlightenment of Negroes about 1800

District of Columbia, separate schools of; churches of, contributed to

education of Negroes

Douglass, Mrs., a white teacher of Negroes in Norfolk

Douglass, Frederick, learned to read; leader and advocate of education;

author; opinion of, on vocational education; extract from paper of

Douglass, Sarah, teacher of Philadelphia

Dove, Dr., owner of Dr. James Durham

Dow, Dr. Jesse E., co-worker of Charles Middleton of the District of

Columbia

Draper, Garrison, studied law after getting education at Dartmouth; an

account of

Drew, Benjamin, note of, on Canada; found prejudice in schools of

Canada

Duncan, Benedict, taught by his father

Durham, James, a colored physician of New Orleans

Dwight, Sarah, teacher of colored girls

Édit du'roi,

Education of Colored People,

Education of colored children at public expense,

(see also Chapter XIII,)

Edwards, Mrs. Haig, interest of, in the uplift of slaves,

Eliot, Rev. John, appeal in behalf of the conversion of slaves,

Ellis, Harrison, educated blacksmith,

Ellsworth, W. W., argument of, against the constitutionality of the

Connecticut law prohibiting the establishment of colored schools,

Emancipation of slaves, effects of, on education,

Emlen Institute established in Ohio,

Emlen, Samuel, philanthropist,

England, ministers of the Church of, maintained a school for colored

children at Newport,

English Colonial Church established mission schools in Canada,

English High School established at Monrovia,

Essay of Bishop Porteus,

Established Church of England directed attention to the uplift of the

slaves,

Everly, mentioned resolutions bearing on the instruction of slaves,

Evidences of the development of the intellect of Negroes,

Falmouth colored Sunday-school broken up,

Fawcett, Benjamin, address to Negroes of Virginia,

extract from,

Fee, Rev. John G., criticized church because it neglected the Negroes,

founded Berea College,

Fleet, Dr. John, educated for Liberia,

teacher in the District of Columbia,

Fleetwood, Bishop, urged that Negroes be instructed,

(see note on p.)

Fletcher, Mr. and Mrs., teachers in the District of Columbia,

Flint, Rev. James, received letters bearing on the teaching of Negroes,

Florida, law of, unfavorable to the enlightenment of Negroes,

a more stringent law of,

Foote, John P., praised the colored schools of Cincinnati,

Ford, George, a Virginia lady who taught pupils of color in the

District of Columbia,

Fort Maiden, Canada, schools of,

Fortie, John, teacher in Baltimore,

Fothergill, on colonization,

Fox, George, urged Quakers to instruct the colored people,

Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio, admitted colored students,

Franklin, Benjamin, aided the teachers of Negroes,

Franklin, Nicholas, helped to build first schoolhouse for colored

children in the District of Columbia,

Frederic, Francis, taught by his master,

Free schools not sought at first by Negroes,

Freeman, M. H., teacher; principal of Avery College

French, the language of, taught in colored schools; educated Negroes

Friends, minutes of the meetings of, bearing on the instruction of

Negroes

Fugitive Slave Law, effects of

Fuller, James C, left a large sum for the education of Negroes

Fuller, Thomas, noted colored mathematician

Gabriel's insurrection, effect of

Gaines, John I., led the fight for colored trustees in Cincinnati, Ohio

Gallia County, Ohio, school of

Gardner, Newport, teacher in Rhode Island

Garnett, H. H., was to be a student at Canaan, New Hampshire; author;

president of Avery College

Garrison, Wm. Lloyd, appeal of, in behalf of the education of Negroes;

speech of, on education; solicited funds for colored manual

labor school

Geneva College, change in attitude of

Georgetown, teachers and schools of

Georgia, prohibitive legislation of; objections of the people of,

to the education of Negroes; colored mechanics of, opposed;

Presbyterians of, taught Negroes; slaveholders of,

in Agricultural Convention urged the enlightenment of Negroes

Gettysburg Theological Seminary, admitted a Negro

Gibson, Bishop, of London, appeal in behalf of the neglected Negroes;

letters of

Giles County, Tennessee, colored preacher of, pastor of a white church

Gilmore, Rev. H., established a high school in Cincinnati

Gist, Samuel, made settlement of Negroes

Gloucester, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested in teaching Negroes

Gloucester, John, preacher in Philadelphia

Goddard, Calvin, argument of, against the constitutionality

of the law prohibiting colored schools in Connecticut

Goodwyn, Morgan, urged that Negroes be elevated

Grant, Nancy, teacher in the District of Columbia

Green, Charles Henry, studied in Delaware

Greenfield, Eliza, musician

Gregg of Virginia, settled his slaves on free soil

Grégoire, H., on the mental capacity of Negroes

Grimké brothers, students in Charleston

Haddonfield, New Jersey, Quakers of, instructed Negroes

Haiti and Santo Domingo, influence of the revolution of

Halgy, Mrs., teacher in the District of Columbia

Hall,

a graduate of Harvard University, teacher in the Boston colored

school,

Hall, Anna Maria, student in Alexandria,

teacher,

Hall, Primus, established a colored school at his home in Boston,

Hamilton, Alexander, advocate of the rights of man,

Hampton, Fannie, teacher in District of Columbia,

Hancock, Richard M., studied at Newberne,

Hanover College, Indiana, accepted colored students,

Harlan, Robert, learned to read in Kentucky,

Harper, Chancellor, views of, on the instruction of Negroes,

Harper, Frances E. W., poet,

Harper, John, took his slaves from North Carolina to Ohio and liberated

them,

Harry, one of the first two colored teachers in Carolina,

Hartford,

separate schools of,

dissatisfaction of the Negroes of,

with poor school facilities,

struggle of some citizens of,

against caste in education,

separate schools of, disestablished,

Haviland, Laura A., teacher in Canada,

Hays, Alexander, teacher in District of Columbia,

Haynes, Lemuel, pastor of a white church,

Heathenism, Negroes reduced to,

Henry, Patrick, views of, on the rights of man,

Henson, Rev. Josiah, leader and educator,

Higher education of Negroes urged by free people of color,

change in the attitude of some Negroes toward,

promoted in the District of Columbia,

in Pennsylvania,

in Ohio,

Hildreth, connected with Neau's school in New York,

Hill, Margaret, teacher in the District of Columbia,

Hillsborough, North Carolina, influence of the insurrection of,

Homeopathic College, Cleveland, admitted colored students,

Horton, George, poet,

Huddlestone, connected with Neau's school,

Humphreys, Richard, gave $10,000 to educate Negroes,

Hunter, John A., attended a mixed school,

Illinois, schools of, for benefits of whites,

separate schools of, a failure,

unfavorable legislation of,

separate schools of, disestablished,

Indiana, schools in colored settlements of,

attitude of, toward the education of the colored people,

prohibitive legislation of,

Industrial education recommended,

Industrial revolution, effect of, on education,

Inman, Anna, assistant of Myrtilla Miner,

Institute for Colored Youth established at Philadelphia,

Institute of Easton, Pennsylvania, admitted a Negro,

Instruction, change in meaning of the word

Inventions of Negroes; (see note 1)

Insurrections, slave, effect of

Iowa, Negroes of, had good school privileges

Jackson, Edmund, demanded the admission of colored pupils to Boston

schools

Jackson, Stonewall, teacher in a colored Sunday-school

Jackson, William, musician

Jay, John, a friend of the Negroes

Jay, William, criticized the Church for its failure to elevate the

Negroes;

attacked the policy of the colonizationists

Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, admitted Negroes

Jefferson, Thomas, views of, on the education of Negroes; (see note);

letter of, to Abbé H. Grégoire; letter to M. A. Julien; failed to

act as Kosciuszko's executor; corresponded with Banneker

Jesuits, French, instructed slaves

Jesuits, Spanish, teachers of Negroes

Johnson, Harriet C., assistant at Avery College

Johnson, John Thomas, teacher in the District of Columbia;

teacher in Pittsburgh

Jones, Alfred T., learned to read in Kentucky

Jones, Anna, aided Myrtilla Miner

Jones, Arabella, teacher in the District of Columbia

Jones, Rev. C. C., a white preacher among Negroes of Georgia;

Argument of,

for the religious instruction of Negroes; catechism of, for religious

instruction; estimate of those able to read

Jones, Matilda, supported Myrtilla Miner

Journalistic efforts of Negroes; (see note)

Judson, A. T., denounced Prudence Crandall's policy; upheld the law

prohibiting the establishment of colored schools in Connecticut

Keith, George, advocated religious training for the Negroes

Kemble, Frances Anne, discovered that the Negroes of some masters

were taught to read; (see note 4)

Kentucky, Negroes of, learned the rudiments of education; work of the

Emancipating Labor Society of; work of the Presbyterians of;

public opinion of; colored schools of

Kinkaid, J. B., taught M. W. Taylor of Kentucky

Knoxville, people of, favorable to the uplift of the colored race

Kosciuszko, T., plan of, to educate Negroes; (see note);

will of; fund of

Lafayette, Marquis de, visited New York African Free Schools;

said to be interested in a colored school in the West

Lancastrian method of instruction, effect of

Lane Seminary, students of, taught Negroes

Langston, J. M., student at Chillicothe and Oberlin

Latin, taught in a colored school

Law, Rev. Josiah, instructed Negroes in Georgia; (see note 1)

Lawrence, Nathaniel, supporter of New York colored schools

Lawyer for Liberia, a document

Lawyers, colored, recognized in the North; (see note 2)

Lay, Benjamin, advocate of the instruction of slaves

Leary, John S., went to private school

Lee, Thomas, a teacher in the District of Columbia

Leile, George, preacher in Georgia and Jamaica

Le Jeune, taught a little Negro in Canada

Le Petit instructed Negroes

Lewis, R. B., author

Lexington, Kentucky, colored school of; (see note 1, p. 223)

Liberia, education of Negroes for; education of Negroes in

Liberia College, founded

Liberty County, Georgia, instruction of Negroes in

Liverpool, Moses, one of the founders of the first colored school in

the District of Columbia

Livingston, W., teacher in Baltimore

Locke, John, influence of

Lockhart, Daniel J., instructed by white boys

London, Bishop of, formal declarations of, abrogating the law that a

Christian could not be held a slave

London, Canada, private school; mission school

Longworth, Nicholas, built a school-house for Negroes

Louisiana, education of Negroes in; hostile legislation of; Bishop Polk

of, on instruction of Negroes

Louisville, Kentucky, colored schools of

L'Ouverture, Toussaint, influence of

Lowell, Massachusetts, colored schools of; disestablished

Lowry, Rev. Samuel, taught by Rev. Talbot of Franklin College

Lowth, Bishop, interested in the uplift of the heathen

Lucas, Eliza, teacher of slaves

Lundy, Benjamin, helped Negroes on free soil

Lunenburg County, Virginia, colored congregation of

Madison, James, on the education of Negroes; letter of

Maine, separate school of

Malone, Rev. J. W., educated in Indiana

Malvin, John, organized schools in Ohio cities

Mangum, P. H., and W. P., pupils of John Chavis, a colored teacher

Manly, Gov. Charles, of North Carolina, taught by John Chavis

Mann, Lydia, aided Myrtilla Miner,

Manual Labor College, demand for,

Manumission, effect of the laws of,

Martin, Martha, sent to Cincinnati to be educated,

sister sent to a southern town to learn a trade,

Maréchal, Rev. Ambrose, helped to maintain colored schools,

Maryland, Abolition Society of, to establish an academy for Negroes,

favorable conditions,

public opinion against the education of Negroes,

law of, against colored mechanics,

Maryville Theological Seminary, students of, interested in the uplift

of Negroes,

Mason, Joseph T. and Thomas H., teachers in the District of Columbia,

Massachusetts, schools of,

struggles for democratic education,

disestablishment of separate schools,

Mather, Cotton, on the instruction of Negroes,

resolutions of,

Matlock, White, interest of, in Negroes,

Maule, Ebenezer, helped to found a colored school in Virginia,

May, Rev. Samuel, defender of Prudence Crandall,

McCoy, Benjamin, teacher in the District of Columbia,

McDonogh, John, had educated slaves,

McIntosh County, Georgia, religious instruction of Negroes,

McLeod, Dr., criticized the inhumanity of men to Negroes,

Meade, Bishop William, interested in the elevation of Negroes,

work of, in Virginia,

followed Bacon's policy,

collected literature on the instruction of Negroes,

Means, supported Myrtilla Miner,

Mechanics, opposed colored artisans,

Medical School of Harvard University open to colored students,

Medical School of the University of New York admitted colored students,

Memorial to Legislature of North Carolina, the education of slaves

urged,

Methodist preacher in South Carolina, work of, stopped by the people,

Methodists, enlightened Negroes,

change in attitude of,

founded Wilberforce,

Michigan, Negroes admitted to schools of,

Middleton, Charles, teacher in the District of Columbia,

Miles, Mary E.. assistant of Gilmore in Cincinnati,

Milton, influence of,

Miner, Myrtilla, teacher in the District of Columbia,

founded a school,

Minor Society of Charleston established a school for Negroes,

Minority report of Boston School Committee opposed segregation of

colored pupils,

Minutes of Methodist Episcopal Conference, resolution

on the instruction of Negroes

Minutes of the Meetings of Friends,

action taken to elevate the colored people

Missionaries,

English, interested in uplift of Negroes

French

Spanish

Missouri, prohibitive legislation of

Mitchell, John G., student in Indiana

Mitchell, S. T., began his education in Indiana

Mobile, provision for the education of the Negroes

Montgomery, I. T., educated under the direction of his master

Moore, Edward W., teacher, and author of an arithmetic

Moore, Helen, helped Myrtilla Miner

Moorland, Dr. J. E., an uncle of, studied medicine

Moravian Brethren, instructed colored people

Morris, Dr. E. C, instructed by his father

Morris, J., taught by his white father

Morris, J. W., student in Charleston

Morris, Robert, appointed magistrate

Murray, John, interested in the New York African Free Schools

Nantucket, Massachusetts, colored schools of

Neau, Elias, founded a colored school in New York City

Negroes,

learning to read and write

free education of

learning in spite of opposition

instructing white persons

reduced to heathenism

Neill, Rev. Hugh, missionary teacher of Negroes in Pennsylvania

Nell, Wm., author

New Bedford, Massachusetts,

colored schools of

disestablished

Newbern, North Carolina, effects of insurrection of

New Castle, Presbytery of,

established Ashmun Institute

New England,

schools in Anti-Slavery Society of

planned to establish a manual labor college

sent colored students to Canaan, New Hampshire

Newhall, Isabella, excluded a colored boy from school

New Hampshire, academy of,

broken up

schools of, apparently free to all

New Haven, separate schools of

colored Manual Labor College not wanted

interested in the education of persons for Africa and Haiti

New Jersey, Quakers of,

endeavored to elevate colored people

law of, to teach slaves

Negroes of, in public schools

Presbyterians of, interested in Negroes

separate schools

caste in schools abolished

New Orleans, education of the Negroes of

Newport, Rhode Island, separate schools

New York, Quakers of,

taught Negroes

Presbyterians

of, interested in Negroes,

work of Anti-Slavery Society of,

separate schools of,

schools opened to all,

New York Central College, favorable to Negroes,

New York City, African Free Schools,

transfer to Public School Society,

transfer to Board of Education,

society of free people of color of, organized a school,

Newspapers, colored, gave evidence of intellectual progress,

(see note 1,)

North Carolina, Quakers of, instructed Negroes,

Presbyterians of, interested in the education of Negroes,

Tryon's instructions against certain teachers,

manumission societies of, promoting the education of colored people,

reactionary laws of,

memorial sent to Legislature of, for permission to teach slaves,

Northwest Territory, education of transplanted Negroes,

settlements of, with schools,

Noxon, connected with Neau's school in New York City,

Nutall, an Englishman, taught Negroes in New York,

Oberlin grew out of Lane Seminary,

Objections to the instruction of Negroes considered and answered,

Ohio, colored schools of (see Cincinnati, Columbus, Cleveland, and

Northwest Territory); struggle for education at public expense,

unfavorable legislation,

law of 1849,

Olmsted, P. L., found a plantation of enlightened slaves,

O'Neal of South Carolina Bar discussed with Chancellor Harper the

question of instructing Negroes,

Oneida Institute contributed to the education of Negroes,

Oregon, law of, hostile to Negroes,

Othello, a free Negro, denounced the policy of neglecting the Negroes,

Otis, James, on the rights of all men,

Palmer, Dr., catechism of,

Pamphlet, Gowan, a preacher in Virginia,

Parry, Alfred H., successful teacher,

Parsons, C. G., observed that some Negroes were enlightened,

Pastoral Letters of Bishop Gibson of London,

Patterson, Edward, learned to read in a Sabbath-school,

Payne, Dr. C. H., taught by his mother to read,

Payne, Bishop Daniel, student in Charleston,

agent to purchase Wilberforce,

Payne, Mrs. Thomas, studied under her master,

Pease, W., instructed by his owner,

Penn, William, believed in emancipation to afford Negroes an

opportunity for improvement,

Pennington, J. C, writer, teacher, and preacher of influence,

Pennsylvania, work of Quakers of,

favorable legislation,

law of,

against colored mechanics,

(see also Quakers, Friends, Presbyterians, and Philadelphia)

Perry, R. L., attended school at Nashville

Peterboro School of New York established

Petersburg, Virginia, colored schools of, colored churches

Pettiford, W. A., attended private school in North

Carolina

Philadelphia, Negroes of, taught by Quakers, early

colored schools, public aid secured for the education of Negroes,

names of teachers public and private, statistics of colored schools,

(see Quakers, Presbyterians, and Pennsylvania)

Phillips, Wendell, argument against the segregation of

colored people in Boston

Physicians, colored, (see note 3, 279)

Pinchback, P. B. S., studied in the Gilmore High School in

Cincinnati

Pinkney, William, views on the mental capacity of Negroes

Pious Negro, True Account of, a document

Pittsburgh, colored schools of

Plan for the Improvement of the Free Black, a document

Plantation system, the rise of,

effects of, on the enlightenment

of the Negroes

Pleasants, Robert, founder of a colored manual labor school

Polk, Bishop, of Louisiana, advocate of the instruction

of Negroes

Porteus, Bishop, a portion of his essay on the uplift of

Negroes (see also, note 2)

Portland, Maine, colored schools of

Potter, Henry, taught Negroesin the District of Columbia

Preachers, colored, preached to Negroes (see note 4). preached

to white people

Presbyterians, taught Negroes,

struggles of,

Acts of

Synods of, a document

Presbyterian Witness, criticized

churchmen neglectful of the

Negroes

Proposition for encouraging the Christian education of

Indian and Mulatto children at Lambeth, Virginia

Protestant Episcopal High School at Cape Palmas, Liberia

Prout, John, a teacher in the District of Columbia

Providence, Rhode Island, separate schools of

Providence Convent of Baltimore, influence of

Purcell, Jack, bearing of the confession of

Puritans, attitude of, toward the uplift of Negroes

Quakers, educational work among Negroes,

promoting education in the Northwest Territory,

(see also Friends)

Racial inferiority, the argument of

Randolph, John, slaves of, sent to Ohio

Raymond, Daniel, contributed to the education of Negroes

Reaction, the effect of

Reason, Chas. L., teacher in Institute for Colored Youth

Redmond, Sarah, denied admission to Boston School

Redpath, James, observation in the South

Refugees from Haiti and Santo Domingo, influence of;

bearing of, on insurrection

Refugees Home School established

Religious instruction discussed by Churchmen

Remond, C. L., lecturer and orator

Resolute Beneficial Society established a school

Revels, U. S. Senator Hiram, student in Quaker Seminary

Rhode Island, work of Quakers of; efforts of colored

people of; African Benevolent Society of; school laws of;

separate schools disestablished

Rice, Rev. David, complained that slaves were not enlightened

Rice, Rev. Isaac, mission of, in Canada

Richards, Fannie, teacher in Detroit

Riley, Mrs. Isaac, taught by master

Riots of cities, effect of

Roberts, Rev. D. R., attended school in Indiana

Rochester, Baptist Church of, lost members

Roe, Caroline, teacher in New York African Free Schools

Rush, Dr. Benjamin, desire to elevate the slaves; objections

of masters considered; interview with Dr. James Durham;

Rush Medical School admitted colored student

Russworm, John B., first colored man to graduate from college

Rutland College, Vermont, opened to colored students

Sabbath-schools, a factor in education; separation of the races

St. Agnes Academy established in the District of Columbia

St. Frances Academy established in Baltimore

Salem, Massachusetts, colored school of

Salem, New Jersey, work of Quakers of

Sampson, B. K., assistant teacher of Avery College

Samson, Rev. Dr., aided Hays, a teacher of Washington

Sanderson, Bishop, interest in the uplift of the heathen

Sandiford, Ralph, attacked slavery

Sandoval, Alfonso, opposed keeping slaves

Sandwich, Canada, separate school of

Sandy Lake Settlement broken up

Saunders of Cabell County, West Virginia, settled his slaves

on free soil

Savannah,

colored schools of

churches of

Scarborough, President W. S.,

early education of

Schoepf, Johann, found conditions favorable

Seaman, Jacob, interest of, in New York colored schools

Searing, Anna H., a supporter of Myrtilla Miner

Seaton, W. W., a supporter of Alexander Hays's School

Secker, Bishop,

plan of, for the instruction of Negroes

had Negroes educated for Africa

extract from sermon of

Settle, Josiah T., was educated in Ohio

Sewell, Chief Justice, on the instruction of Negroes

Shadd, Mary Ann, teacher in Canada

Shaffer, Bishop C. T., early education of, in Indiana

Sharp, Granville, on the colonization of Negroes

Sidney, Thomas, gave money to build school-house

Slave in Essex County, Virginia, learned to read

Slavery, ancient, contrasted with the modern

Small, Robert, student in South Carolina

Smedes, Susan Dabney, saw slaves instructed

Smith, Gerrit,

contributed money to the education of the Negro

founder of the Peterboro School

appeal in behalf of colored mechanics

Smith, Melancthon, interest of, in the New York African Free Schools

Smothers, Henry, founded a school in Washington

Snow riot, results of

Snowden, John Baptist, instructed by white children

Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts,

efforts of

South Carolina,

schools of unfavorable conditions

prohibitive legislation

governor of, discussed the Vesey insurrection

Spain, King of, desired trade in enlightened slaves only

Spanish missionaries taught Negroes in America

Springfield, colored schools of

Statistics on the intellectual condition of Negroes

Stewart, Rev., a missionary in North Carolina

Stewart, T. McCants, student in Charleston

Stokes, Richard, teacher in the District of Columbia

Storrs, C. B.,

advocate of free discussion

influence of

Stowe, H. B.,

assisted Myrtilla Miner

interest of, in industrial education

Stratton, Lucy, taught Negroes

Sturgeon, Rev. William, work of, in Philadelphia

Sumler, Jas. W., learned to read with difficulty

Sylvester, Elisha, efforts of, in Boston

Tabbs, Thomas, teacher in the District of Columbia

Talbot County, Maryland, the education of the Negro in

Talbot, Mr., tutor in the District of Columbia,

Talbot, Reverend, taught Samuel Lowry at Franklin College,

Tappan, Arthur, work of, in behalf of Negroes,

Tanner, Bishop Benjamin Tucker, attended school in Pennsylvania,

Tarborough, North Carolina, effect of the insurrection of,

Tatem, Isaac, instructed Negroes,

Taylor, M. W., taught by his mother,

Taylor, Dr. Wm., educated for service in Liberia,

Taylor, Reverend, interest of, in the enlightenment of Negroes,

Templeton, John N., educational efforts of,

Tennessee, education of the Negroes of,

legislation of,

Terrell, Mary Church, mother of, taught by white gentleman,

Terrell, Robert H., father of, learned to read,

Thetford Academy opened to Negroes,

Thomas, J. C. teacher of W. S. Scarborough,

Thomas, Rev. Samuel, teacher in South Carolina,

Thompson, Margaret, efforts of, in the District of Columbia,

Thornton, views of, on colonization,

Toop, Clara G., an instructor at Avery College,

Toronto, Canada, evening school organized,

Torrey, Jesse, on education and emancipation,

Trenton, New Jersey, Quakers of, interested,

Troumontaine, Julian, teacher in Savannah,

"True Bands," educational work of, in Canada,

(see also note 1,)

Trumbull, John, teacher in Philadelphia,

Tucker, Ebenezer, principal of Union Literary Institute,

Tucker, Judge St. George, discussed slave insurrections,

Turner, Bishop Henry M., early education of,

Turner, Nathaniel, the education of,

effects of the insurrection of,

Union College admitted a Negro,

Union Literary Institute, Indiana, favorable to the instruction of

Negroes,

Vanlomen, Father, aided Maria Becraft,

Vashon, George B., principal of Avery College,

Vermont, required practically no segregation,

Vesey, Denmark, effect of the insurrection of,

Vesey, Reverend, interest of, in Neau's school,

Virginia, question of instructing Negroes of,

education of Negroes of, given legal sanction,

colored schools of,

work of abolitionists of,

interest of Quakers of,

efforts of Presbyterians of,

prohibitive legislation of,

Vocational training emphasized by Frederick Douglass,

interest of H. B. Stowe in,

Wagoner, H. O., taught by his parents,

Walker, David, appeal of,

Wall, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia,

(see note 1)

Ward, S. R., attainments of,

Warren, John W., studied under white children,

Warville, Brissot de, found desirable conditions,

Washington, George, attitude of,

will of,

Waterford, Ephraim, taught by his employer,

Watkins, Wm., teacher in Baltimore,

Watrum, François Philibert, inquiry of, about instructing Negroes,

Wattles, Augustus, philanthropist and educator,

Wayman, Reverend, advocate of the instruction of Negroes,

Wayman, Rev. Dr., interest of, in free schools,

Weaver, Amanda, assisted Myrtilla Miner,

Wells, Nelson, bequeathed $10,000 to educate Negroes,

Wesley, John, opinion of, on the intellect of Negroes,

Western Reserve converted to democratic education,

Wetmore, Reverend, a worker connected with Neau's school,

Wheatley, Phyllis, education of,

poetry of,

White, j. T., attended school in Indiana,

White, Dr. Thomas J., educated for Liberia,

White, W. J., educated by his white mother,

Whitefield, Rev. George, interest in the uplift of Negroes,

plan of, to establish a school,

Whitefield, Rev. James, promoted education in Baltimore,

Whitefield, James M., poet,

Wickham, executor of Samuel Gist,

Williams, Bishop, urged the duty of converting the Negroes,

Williamson, Henry, taught by his master,

Wilmington, Delaware, educational work of abolitionists of,

Wilson, Bishop of Sodor and Man, published a pamphlet on the uplift of

the Negroes,

contributed money to educate the Negroes of Talbot County, Maryland,

Wilson, Rev. Hiram, inspector of schools in Canada,

founder of a manual labor school,

Windsor, Canada, school privileges of,

Wing, Mr., teacher in Cincinnati,

Winslow, Parson, children of, indulgent to Uncle Cephas,

Wisconsin, equal school facilities of,

Woodson, Ann, taught by her young mistress,

Woodson, Emma J., instructor at Avery College,

Woodson, Louis, teacher in Pittsburgh,

Woolman, John, interest of,

Wormley, James, efforts of, in the District of Columbia,

(see note 1)

Wormley, Mary, teacher in the District of Columbia,

Wortham, Dr. James L., pupil of John Chavis

Wright, Rev. John F., one of the founders of Wilberforce University

Xenia, Ohio, settlement of, Wilberforce University established near

Zane, Jonathan, gave $18,000 for the education of Negroes